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In my opinion, there is no comparison between real handmade soap and commercial soaps that are available on store shelves in department stores everywhere. According to various reliable internet sources, soap is basically water, lye, and fats or oils. When a lye and water solution is mixed together with the fats, the chemical reaction is called "saponification", which is the reaction of hydrogen, oxygen, sodium, and fatty acid molecules, resulting in about three parts soap and one part glycerin. Glycerin is a rich emollient prized for its ability to moisturize the skin and is retained in handmade soaps, but is extracted in commercial soap as a valuable by-product leaving the hard dry bars of soap sold at Wal-Mart and elsewhere. Properly prepared handmade soaps have no lye remaining, and it cannot be made without it.
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